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2018年成人學位英語挑錯題型指導:怎樣避免代名詞錯誤

發表時間:2018/4/3 15:41:43 來源:互聯網 點擊關注微信:關注中大網校微信
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談到代名詞的誤用,特別是代名詞的數和所指引的主語的數不符,使得后頭謂語動詞的數也跟著出差錯,真是差之毫厘,失之千里,不可不察。

這里要指出一些方向,以避免因代名詞的錯誤而使句子的意思模糊不清。

怎樣避免代名詞的錯誤呢?

㈠不要用同個代名詞指引兩個性別一樣的名詞,如:

① Mr Li told Mr Lin that he was wrong.

這里的he既可指林先生,也可指李先生,含糊不清。應該改為②或③:

② Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "I am wrong."

③ Mr Li said to Mr Lin, "You are wrong."

㈡避免把代名詞和它所指引的名詞隔開太遠,如:

④ The man leaned over the bench for hours working on the plan. It was too low to be comfortable.

這里的代詞it離開名詞the bench太遠,結果關系不清楚,因為在位置上,它更適合指引the plan.在這種情況下,只好避開it,而用名詞,即the bench.

㈢避免濫用指示代詞"this,that"或關系代詞"who,which,that"泛指上文的內容。例如:

⑤ Tom's brother is an accountant, and this is the profession everyone envies.

這里的this指"accountant"。“會計師”是一種專業人士,和后頭的“專業”(profession)并不相稱,因此要把this改為 accountancy(會計工作),才合句子的意思。

⑥ The profit from the business was large, which I realised sometime later.

這里的"which I realised sometime later"是句形容詞分句,應該出現在先行詞后面,不應該脫離出來而獨立。如果要用它來修飾全句話,更不合邏輯,應該改為⑦或⑧:

⑦ I realised sometime later that the profit from the business was large.(主句 + 名詞分句)

⑧ The profit from the business was large. I realised this (matter) sometime later.(單句 + 單句)

㈣避免用代名詞"they, you, it"影射腦子里的事物,如:

⑨ In Singapore, it relies heavily on tourism as a source of national revenue.

這里的 it 指向什么呢?如果是心目中的“政府”或“旅游促進局”,那就要明言,不要用不清不楚的it:

⑩ In Singapore, the government…

11. In Singapore, the Tourist Promotion Board…

12. In less industrialised countries, they do not know the problems of urban development.

這里的代名詞they是不是指the people(人民)?如果是就用吧。In less industrialised countries, the people…過后,要再提這主語時,才用they:...the people…They are only interested in their daily life.

其實,在這種主語不詳的情況下,被動語態是最好的選擇:

13. In less industrialised countries, the problems of urban development are not known "Though the standard of living is raised, the costs of living are also increasing."

編輯推薦:

2018年全國成人學位英語考試簡介

2018年成人學士學位英語考試報名條件

成人學位英語成績查詢時間及查詢方式

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