吝嗇 stingy penurious niggardly miserly parsimonious petty
慷慨 openhanded freehanded generous benevolent bountiful munificent
節(jié)儉 economical frugal provident thrifty sparing austere
奢侈 luxurious lavish extravagant improvident spendthrift dissipated profligate prodigal unstinting
富裕 affluent opulent
貧窮 indigent impoverished destitute penniless impecunious poverty
勤奮 assiduous sedulous diligent industrious
謙虛 humble unpretentious unassuming modest
敏銳 acute keen discriminating discerning perceptive insightful
高傲 arrogant haughty supercilious overbearing overweening egotistical smug impudent imperious insolent dismissive contemptuous disdainful hubris
奉承 fawn adulate flatter (Verb) toady sycophant (Noun) servile obsequious subservient (Adj)
沉默寡言 reticent reserved taciturn restrained withdrawn
輕浮 frivolity lightness levity buoyant
即興創(chuàng)作 improvise extemporize adlib spontaneous impromptu
憂郁 gloomy somber melancholic
不開心 depressed dispirited downcast dejected
各式各樣的 various varied variegated diverse miscellaneous heterogeneous multifarious sundry
易怒的 irritable cantankerous surly choleric peevish irascible petulant querulous
好爭斗 argumentative disputatious contentious polemical litigious truculent
刺耳難聽的 grating strident cacophonous
悅耳的 euphonious harmonious harmonic melodious mellifluous dulcet
倉促 precipitate cursory
限制 restrict circumscribe bound confine contain cheek
易碎 brittle delicate fragile
居民 dweller subject citizen resident denizen
偏愛,傾向 inclination preference proclivity predilection penchant propensity
撫慰 conciliate placate pacify mollify appease console soothe
聽話,溫順 tractable docile submissive obedient servile compliant
以上列舉的同一意群里的詞匯肯定是有細(xì)微差別的,但是一般考生不需分析出其中區(qū)別,只要對感情色彩把握住就滿足考試要求。
譬如,“吝嗇”這組意群里:
Stingy是直接表示吝嗇小氣,但是書面語出現(xiàn)不多,更書面化的是parsimonious;而penurious來自于名詞penury,原意指的是貧窮,引申意才是吝嗇小氣; petty一般指的是過分關(guān)注瑣碎細(xì)節(jié),雖然不直接表示吝嗇,但是可以把它歸為近義概念; miserly來自于名詞miser吝嗇鬼,所以miserly指的是吝嗇鬼的,小氣的; niggardly除了吝嗇這個(gè)意思以外,還可以指(禮物)無價(jià)值。另外,還有一些詞匯可以表示吝嗇鬼:例如skinflint, scrooge等,它們在考試當(dāng)中很少出現(xiàn),所以可以在進(jìn)一步提高時(shí)再掌握。
總而言之,考生不必去區(qū)分同一意群內(nèi)的單詞,但是一定要區(qū)分不同意群的單詞,比如,stingy和frugal, frugal表示節(jié)儉的意思,是褒義詞,而stingy明顯是貶義。
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